With the term "cornicem" is it intended the men that used the "cornus", i.e. horn to give orders to the troops, under the command of a Centurio.
Friday, July 11, 2025
ROMAN LEGION - REPUBLIC PERIOD (298 - 105 BC). LESSON Nr. 2: THE CORNICEN
Monday, July 7, 2025
1632 BATTLE OF LUTZEN YELLOW BRIGADE - PICTURES
Time ago I was wondering about the Yellow Brigade at the Battle of Lutzen in 1632.
I prepared some templates,
https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/3755658264788069799/2327466852317935793
I printed them, trimmed, glued, put the magnet underneath.
Finally today I decided to post some pictures of them, just to give idea how from a pictures you can obtain a papersoldier.
Monday, June 30, 2025
ROMAN LEGION - REPUBLIC PERIOD (298 - 105 BC). LESSON Nr. 1: THE SIGNIFER
I always wanted to postpone this topic, in order to have 1 legion at 1:1 ratio to show. But I think this is a long time ahead and I cannot resist to share with you what I have learned from my researches. Above all, because Italian books on this topic are far better and better detailed - as you will see in the next lessons - than the English written books.
I am indeed preparing a "Polybian" Legion (Polybius was the Greek writer, contemporary to the Republican Legion that better described how a Legion worked) at 1:1 ratio, but my numbers are still very small (I am preparing at the same time the 3rd Battle of Ramla and the Battle of Turin 1706); so I need a lot of time to complete my purpose.
The first point to be pointed out immediatly is that no one ever described precisely how a Republican Legion actually worked. There are theories (mostly wrong) about the triple acies, but it is not clear how it actually worked, as said.
The Italian books that I will quote are the unique indeed that with a comparision of different passages (quoted in Latin or Ancient Greek) are able to give an idea of the way it worked. This will solve one an for ever the numbers of a Legion and a lot of other problems. The rest will be up to me and to my 1:1 ratio papersoldier Legion.
Let's start from the number and position of the "Signum" (insign), plural "Signa" inside the maniple. And let's start from the Osprey "Roman Republican Legionary - 298 - 105 BC"
So the text contradicts itself in few rows: at the top it say that every century had a standard. Though a maniple was formed by 2 centuries it means that every maniple (2 centuries) had 2 signa; but later, just few rows down it states (correctly) that there was only 1 signum per maniple, so 1 every 2 centuries. This points out very clearly the mistake the Author incurred in this case.
This one, written by Dario Battaglia and Luca Ventura through the analysis of ancient text and critics to old theories opens a new light on the real working of a Legion in the Republican period.
Thursday, June 12, 2025
1706 BATTLE OF TURIN - STANDARD NORMANDIE REGIMENT 2020 vs 2025
In some previous posts I was commenting about the fact that I was preparing new poses for the Normandie Regiment that I would have not used. It was not true. In fact, I started to prepare new poses and here I would like to show the differences between a standard-bearer done in 2020 and that done now 2025
Tuesday, May 6, 2025
ROMAN LEGIONAR: PUNIC WARS vs MARIUS & CAESAR'S WARS
It is interesting to investigate how the uniforms - i.e. the appearance of the Roman legionar changed fron the period of the Punic Wars (III Century b.C.) to the Caesar's period (I Century b.C.). It is also to be pointed out that uniforms were not so "uniform" and variations happened all the time in a slow evolution.
To recreate the evolution of the Roman Army I started from the series "My First Wargame" a real must for papersodiers. I did not know they also published the Roman Army during Punic wars.
In any case, from an image of this, I increased (at east this is my opinion) the features of the template
From the Caesar's template I did the Punic Wars' template
Thursday, April 17, 2025
1105 - THIRD BATTLE OF RAMLA - FATIMYD LIGHT CAVALRY 2nd PART
As promised, here I ma with some picture of the 120 horses of Fatimyd light cavalry. I tried to pose them is a sort of attack to a Crusade town, just out of pleasure to set up a scenario. The ratio is 1:1.
The effect of the charges is well represented with banners and flags in the front.
Some pictures with a total view on the facing: light Fatimid cavalry on the right and Crusaders on the left
Monday, April 14, 2025
PAPERSOLDIERS ON SELL
After a while and some doubts, considering that some of you requested templates or papersoldiers to be sold, I am (re)considering to sell them.
The options are:
a) just the template
b) papersoldiers already trimmed:
The first option would have a very limited costs (Euro 5 per template), while the others more expensive, considering the huge work necessary to be done:
- papersoldiers trimmed: nr. 10 papersoldiers Euro 3,75
- papersoldiers trimmed and glued to basis + reinfocement: nr. 10 papersoldiers Euro 4,30
For any request, write me on this blog. Thanks
Thursday, March 20, 2025
1105 - THIRD BATTLE OF RAMLA - FATIMYD LIGHT HORSE
I know I have to finish this project (in my next post I will publish the Crusaders' cavalry at 1:1 ratio already done all arrayed and ready for battle) and hence I lack some troops to finish it: specifically the Turks horse bowmen (still to be done) and the Fatimyd Light Cavalry.
I decided it was time to fill this gap and so I started to draw this light cavalry that will be just in 120 horse. There were no clear examples of this kind of troops and hence I had to find out how they would appear.
I had temptation to make them ride camels but for the moment I stick to horse. I decided to eliminate shields, bows under the saddle, and whatever hauberque they coud wear, leaving them as simple as possible.
Here some examples with colour variations:
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Fatimyd Light Cavalry in white tunic |
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Fatimyd Light Cavalry in brownish tunic |
From this template I changed the cover of the head:
and a further variation with weapon:
From this I passed to officer template:
and as a final some different kinds of banners:
Friday, January 31, 2025
1744 BATTLE OF MADONNA DELL'OLMO - SPANISH REGIMENTS
I rewieved the uniforms of the Spanish Regiments present at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo of my previous post, where I found an error: I considered as present the Irish Regiment Hibernia; actually it was a sort of Iberia, i.e. Espana.
I went to check on the Kronoskaf site for the Spanish troops in SYW and I found out that in the WAS the Irish Regiment Hibernia fought at the defense of Neapoles in 1744 and hence it is impossible its presence the same year at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.
At the contrary, the same source states that the Espana Regiment passed the Alps in 1744. Also my misunderstanig was due to a bad reading of a map of the battle, where the name of the Regiment was faded.
So finally I could draw in their completeness the Spanish Regiments that fought at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.
Note to distiguish the Regiments:
Aside the Swiss Jung Reding Regiment, that wore a blue uniform, all the other Spanish Regiment, since 1717 wore white uniforms. To distiguish between them there were different elements: the ribbon of the tricorne and buttons (always of the same colour) were silver of gold. Some units had the trousers of the lining colour, others in white. Other units had the vest in colour, other in white.
I am pretty sure there were difference in the position of the pockets (bewteen totally similar regiments) but at the state I was not able to find any detail (while for Piedmontese units I will have no problem for this).
Also important to point out that some regiment were regular and hence they had a collar of the same lining colours, while others were provincials ("Regimentos Proviciales") and they wore a black tie, with white unifors as per Regulation dating 1734.
In the figure above it is hence possible to distinguish as provincial the Cordoba and Grenada Regiments.
The Regimentos Provincilaes were 17: Jean, Badajoz, Sevilla, Burgos, Lugo, GRANADA, Leon, Oviedo, CORDOBA, Trujillo, Santander, Orense, Santiago, Pontevedra, Tuya and Betanzos.
Some doubts arose about the nuances of the blue for the Toledo Regiment. In fact, from the Spanish sources was "azul" i.e. blue. Then I found this pictures of this regiment
and I tried to reproduce the same "blue" as here:
but getting back to Kronoskaf it has the same picture but with a different (and normal) blue
Another doubt was the lining fo the Cordoba Regiment. The sources dating after the realm of Felipe V gives red lining while before green. So I kept the green lining. Moreover for the regiment Espana there were sources saying light green (around 1750) while before just bare green. So I did it in a sort of green not too dark, not too light.
There is finally a very interesting adding: while I was preparing my OOB I found that defending the Church of Madonna dell'Olmo there were 3 Battallones Provinciales. I thought they were simply grenadiers taken from regiments present at the battle, (even though the numbers of Provicial Regiments were too low to form 3 battalions) but then I found about this units: it was a special unit of 3 batallions of combined grenadiers taken from militia units; so not belonging to any specific regiment (line or provincial) and hence dressed all the same in a very characteristic purple faced colour.
This uniform was taken from this (please not the wrong colour for the Rgt Cordoba)